One of the relationships that have legal effect, through which there are various cases in the judiciary, including the prosecutor's office and the court, is the relationship between the surgeons and the patient. This relationship is important because it has important legal effects. Before modern lawmaking in Iran, this relationship was discussed in sources of jurisprudence and the relationship between doctor and patient was investigated in various jurisprudential books. After the introduction of modern lawmaking, various laws were introduced to regulate the relationship between the doctor and the patient, and these laws have been subject to various changes and changes. The last legislative changes in the Islamic Penal Code were adopted on February 1, 2013 and made changes in this regard. Along with the Islamic Penal Code, the Family Protection Act of 1392 has also introduced regulations in this regard. The Civil Liability Act of 1339 is also recognized as the general law of one of the sources of the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between a surgeon and a patient physician based on the latest legislative changes, and according to the results, new laws were more appropriate to surgeons than past laws due to the importance of medical care.