Introduction & Objective: Since neoadjuvant chemotherapy affects the immune and endothelial systems, and this issue may lead to a delay in surgical wound healing and the occurrence of surgical wound complications, and since there is no detailed information in this regard, The present study was conducted as a meta-analysis with the aim of investigating neoadjuvant therapy on complications caused by surgical wound after mastectomy. Materials & Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Science Direct, Scopus, Mag Iran and SID databases with the help of keywords mastectomy, breast surgery, total breast removal, neoadjuvant therapy, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, wound, complications, wound Surgery and breast cancer without time limit were carefully searched in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Results: 14 studies (13 cohort and 1 case control study) with 2198 people were evaluated in this study. The results indicated that the administration of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is not associated with a significant increase in the risk of this complication; In other words, neoadjuvant chemotherapy does not lead to wound complications after surgery (RR = 1.15 - 0.92 - 1.44: 95% CI, P = 0.22 and I = 0% I2). Conclusions: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is not related to surgical wound complications after mastectomy; Due to the quality of the articles in this study, the results of this study should be used with caution.