Background and Objective: Diabetes is recognized as a major factor contributing to serious
complications that may lead to the need for limb amputation. This study was designed to investigate the
incidence and identify risk factors associated with re-amputation in diabetic patients undergoing
amputation.
Materials & Methods: This research is a case-control study conducted on diabetic patients undergoing
amputation at Shahid Beheshti Medical Center in Qom. Data were collected by reviewing patients' medical
records. The collected information included age, gender, duration of diabetes, medical history, postoperative
infection, vascular problems, and smoking history, which were recorded and compared between the two
groups: those with and without re-amputation. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26 with statistical
tests including t-tests and chi-square tests. A significance level of 0.05 was considered for all tests.
Results: Among the 137 patients who underwent amputation, 36 patients were re-amputated within
the following 18 months. Statistical analysis indicated that only the site of amputation showed a statistically
significant difference between the two groups with and without re-amputation (P < 0.05). Other risk factors
such as age, length of hospital stay, gender, smoking status, urgency of surgery, cardiovascular diseases, endstage
renal disease (ESRD), immunosuppressive therapy, and the incidence of postoperative infection did not
show statistically significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that above-knee amputation is primarily associated with the need
for re-amputation, while other factors such as age, length of stay, gender, and smoking do not have a
significant impact. Future research is recommended to focus on increasing sample size and long-term followup
of patients to improve treatment quality.