Background and Objective: Endometrial polyps are common disorders within the female reproductive
system that can significantly impact women's reproductive health and overall quality of life. The prevalence
rates for these polyps vary from 7.8% to 34.9%, with reported figures in Iran ranging between 15% and 20%.
Given their potential for malignancy as well as their association with abnormal bleeding and infertility, this
study aims to investigate the frequency of malignant lesions among women diagnosed with endometrial
polyps over a decade-long period in Tehran.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study included women who underwent hysterectomy at a
clinic in Tehran from 2013 to 2023 due to menstrual issues, infertility concerns, or episodes of abnormal
bleeding. Data were collected on the prevalence of endometrial polyps along with pathological findings from
biopsy samples taken from these lesions. Additionally, patient age and tumor size were recorded for
subsequent analysis. The data were analyzed using SPSS software employing ANOVA tests as well as Pearson
correlation coefficient analysis and regression analysis; a significance level (P) less than 0.005 was considered
significant.
Results: Among a total of 1,488 patients who underwent hysteroscopy during the specified period,
endometrial polyps were identified in 68 individuals. The mean age of these patients was determined to be
41.3 years; notably, approximately 40% fell within the age bracket of 40-50 years old. Pathological
examination revealed that malignancies constituted only about 1.6%, while benign lesions accounted for
approximately 95.5%; pre-malignant lesions comprised around 2.9%. A statistically significant positive
correlation was identified between patient age and tumor size (P < 0.005; r = 0.6), along with an increased
likelihood of malignancy associated with larger tumor sizes (P < 0.001).
Conclusion: This study underscores a high prevalence rate of benign endometrial polyps particularly
among older women while also highlighting the importance of identifying risk factors related to malignancy
and closely monitoring larger polyps for potential cancerous changes.