Background and Objective: Central venous catheterization (CVC) is a frequently performed procedure in intensive care units, particularly in pediatric patients. However, it carries potential risks and complications. This study aimed to determine the frequency of application, indications, success rate, and complications associated with central venous catheters at different sites in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on pediatric patients admitted to the PICU of Namazi Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. CVCs were inserted for various reasons from April 2018 to September 2019 (18 months). Data were extracted from medical records and analyzed using SPSS. Results: A total of 184 CVCs were inserted in 156 patients, with a cumulative duration of 1842 days. The majority of patients requiring CVC insertion were children under 2 years old (114; 62%). The most frequent insertion site was the jugular vein (51.8%), followed by the femoral vein (41.2%) and the subclavian vein (7%). In 114 patients (61.9%), the primary reason for CVC insertion was the failure of peripheral venous access. The average catheter dwell time was 10.8 days, ranging from 1 to 42 days. Out of the 184 CVCs placed, 52 (28%) were associated with complications, with catheter occlusion being the most common, occurring in 44 patients (25.8%). Of these, 14 cases (8.2%) occurred in the PICU. Conclusion: Catheter occlusion was identified as the most common and significant complication in this study. This risk could be reduced through the development and strict adherence to CVC guidelines for PICU nursing staff.