General and Pediatric Surgery Specialist, Mehrad Hospital
Abstract
Various methods have been used throughout history to reduce the pain and discomfort of surgical procedures, and the era of overcoming pain has been one of the most important in the evolutionary path of non-surgery. Soporific, narcotic and analgesic substances such as cannabis, methamphetamine and opium have been used for thousands of years. Alcoholic beverages have also been used to reduce the patient's sensitivity to pain in order to make it possible to perform surgical procedures on the body surface or on bones. However, the introduction of a formation into body cavities through surgery and the advancement of surgical history would not have been possible without the use of methods that cause insensitivity to pain.
