Introduction & Objective: Today, Medical law is considered as an independent and important field, which needs to be clarified and recognized in terms of conceptual framework and enlightment of scientific and practical functions. Accordingly, the present article has been developed with the goal of conceptual investigation and study of the fundamentals of knowledge of medical law and its function in the area of health and society. Materials & Methods: The present study was conducted by applying the descriptive-analytical method based on the logic of legal researches and the library method was used to collect data. Results: Medical law has developed corresponding to development and muptiplicity of medical knowledge and its position in human society, according to innate roots of morality, custom and religion, reason and justice and social interests and based on the need to control and prevent medical crimes and offenses, to protect the rights of the patients, to distinguish the do’s and don’ts in the medical practices and secure the social and economic interests, as a distinguished and vast field with subdisciplines, and it has supported the development of mutual duties, responsibilities and support and protection of rights of patients and medical society and the public in confrontation with the health system in the area of health and society. Ethical Considerations: In this study, the principles of ethics in research, especialy maintaing the originality of the work and fidelity in references have been considered. Conclusions: Applying the knowledge of medical law, provides the basis for optimal management of dispute resolution and legal (as well as ethical and cultural) challenges in the process of medical practices and medical advances. The functions of medical law in scientific and executive phases can be realized in different forms of training the preliminaries of medical law to the health occupations, development of medical law researches and contribution in development of rules and regulations, establishment of legal advice units in universities and health and treatment centers, consulting in forensic medicine, advocacy and expertise in judicial affairs.